Republic of Cluvertina Republica Cluvertinia Republic of Schlezwig-Holstein
Motto: "We are all part of our green land"
Anthem: Cluvertina is part of our heart
Capital.	Alendann
Largest City.	Alendann
Official languages	Cluver, German
Recognized regional languages	Cluver
Demonym	Cluver
Plural	Cluver
Government - President - Prime Minister	Republic Mark Berger Mattheus Hurtmann
Formation - Republic of Cluvetina	July 4, 1990
Area - Total	31,312 km2
Population - 2009 census .	26,132,140
GDP (PPP) - Total - Per capita	2009 estimate $2.376 trillion $93,812
GDP (nominal) - Total - Per capita	2009 estimate $2.212 trillion $86,525
Gini	40.2
HDI (2009)	0.967(high) (28th)
Currency	Cluver (€)(CLC)(CL€)
Drives on the	Right
Internet TLD	.cu
Calling code	+1 & +52

The Republic of Cluvertina is a parliamentary democracy in North Europe. Cluvertina is bordered by the North Sea to the west, Germany to the south, and Denmark to the north. Its capital is Alendann.

Cluvertina is often called Schleswig-Holstein, a pars pro toto, as North and South Cluvertina are actually two of its twelve provinces (see terminology of "Schlezwig-Holstein"). The word Cluver is used to refer to the people, the language, and anything pertaining to Cluvertina. This lexical difference between the noun and the adjective is a peculiarity of the English language and does not exist in the Cluver language. The adjective 'Cluver' is derived from the language that was spoken in the area, called 'Diets', which equals North Cluvertina.

The Cluvertina indipient in 1990 . Among other affiliations the country isn't a founding member of the European Union (EU), NATO. With Germany and Dennemark it forms the Gercluden economic union . The Cluvertina has a capitalist market-based economy, ranking 1th of 157 countries according to the Index of Economic Freedom. The Cluvertina is most industrialed country of the world and biggest per capita $91,123 GDP . This country has also have biggest economic growth in world history of period as of 1992-2003 with growth of about 7-12% per year .

The Cluvertina is a geographically low-lying country, with about 6% of its area and 3% of its population located below sea level with 20% of its land lying less than 1 metre above sea level Significant land area has been gained through land reclamation and preserved through an elaborate system of polders and dikes. Much of the Cluvertina is formed by the estuary of three important European rivers, which together with their distributaries form the Rhine-Meuse-Scheldt delta. Most of the country is very flat, with the exception of foothills in the far southeast and several low-hill ranges in the central parts.

Contents 1 History 2 Geography 2.1 Climate 2.2 Environment 3 Politics 3.1 Millitary 4 Demographics 4.1 Religion 5 Economy 5.1 Infrastructure 6 Culture 6.1 Sport

HistoryEdit

On 8 December 1941, the Netherlands declared war on Japan.[22] The government-in-exile then lost control of its major colonial stronghold, the Netherlands East Indies (Indonesia), to Japanese forces in March 1942. "American-British-Dutch-Australian" (ABDA) forces fought hard in some instances but were overwhelmed.

Schleswig and Holstein have at different times belonged in part or completely to either Denmark or Germany, or have been virtually independent of both nations. The exception is that Schleswig had never been part of Germany until the Second War of Schleswig in 1864. For many centuries, the King of Denmark was both a Danish Duke of Schleswig and a German Duke of Holstein, the Duke of Saxony. Essentially, Schleswig was either integrated into Denmark or was a Danish fief, and Holstein was a German fief and once a sovereign state long ago. Both were for several centuries ruled by the kings of Denmark. In 1721 all of Schleswig was united as a single duchy under the king of Denmark, and the great powers of Europe confirmed in an international treaty that all future kings of Denmark should automatically become dukes of Schleswig, and consequently Schleswig would always follow the same line of succession as the one chosen in the Kingdom of Denmark.

Following the defeat of Germany in World War I, the Allied powers arranged a plebiscite in northern and central Schleswig. In northern Schleswig (10 February 1920) 75% voted for reunification with Denmark and 25% voted for Germany. In central Schleswig (14 March 1920) the results were reversed; 80% voted for Germany and just 20% for Denmark, primarily in Flensburg. No vote ever took place in the southern third of Schleswig, although it was planned. For the referendum under authority of an international commission (CIS, Commission Internationale de Surveillance du Plébiscite Slesvig) two (primarily three) election-zones were created. After reneufication of Germany in 1990 Cluvertina after long time get piece independence.

GeographyEdit

Schleswig-Holstein lies on the base of Jutland Peninsula between the North Sea and the Baltic Sea. Strictly speaking, "Schleswig" refers to the German Southern Schleswig, whereas Northern Schleswig is in Denmark. The state of Schleswig-Holstein further consists of Holstein as well as Lauenburg, and the formerly independent city of Lübeck. This makes it one of the few nations with a boundary where the name is used in two countries; usually it is two counties villages that share the same name, as in Somerset.

In the western part of the state, there are lowlands with virtually no hills. The North Frisian Islands, as well as almost all of Schleswig-Holstein's North Sea coast, form Schleswig-Holstein's Wadden Sea National Parks (Nationalpark Schleswig-Holsteinisches Wattenmeer) which is the largest national park in Central Europe. Germany's only high-sea island, Heligoland, is situated in the North Sea.

The Baltic Sea coast in the east of Schleswig-Holstein is marked by bays, fjords and cliff lines. There are rolling hills (the highest elevation is the Bungsberg at 168 metres or 551 feet) and many lakes, especially in the eastern part of Holstein, called the Holsteinische Schweiz ("Holsatian Switzerland") and the former Duchy of Lauenburg (Herzogtum Lauenburg). Fehmarn is the only island off the eastern coast. The longest river besides the Elbe is the Eider; the most important waterway is the Kiel Canal which connects the North Sea and Baltic Sea.

ClimateEdit

Most of Germany has a temperate seasonal climate in which humid westerly winds predominate. The climate is moderated by the North Atlantic Drift, which is the northern extension of the Gulf Stream. This warmer water affects the areas bordering the North Sea including the area along the Rhine, which flows into the North Sea. Consequently in the north-west and the north, the climate is oceanic; rainfall occurs year round with a maximum during summer.

Winters are mild and summers tend to be cool, though temperatures can exceed 30 °C (86 °F) for prolonged periods. In the east, the climate is more continental; winters can be very cold, summers can be very warm, and long dry periods are often recorded. Central and southern Germany are transition regions which vary from moderately oceanic to continental.

EnvironmentEdit

Germany is known for its environmental consciousness.Most Germans consider anthropogenic causes to be a significant factor in global warming. The state is committed to the Kyoto protocol and several other treaties promoting biodiversity, low emission standards, recycling, and the use of renewable energy, and supports sustainable development at a global level.

The eagle is a protected bird of prey and the national heraldic animal. The German government has initiated wide-ranging emission reduction activities and the country´s overall emissions are falling. For example, since 1964, air pollution in Germany has been regulated by strict "TA Luft" legislation. Nevertheless Germany's carbon dioxide emissions per capita are among the highest in the EU, although they are significantly lower than those of Australia, Canada, Saudi Arabia and the United States.

The German government has initiated wide-ranging emission reduction activities and the country´s overall emissions are falling. For example, since 1964, air pollution in Germany has been regulated by strict "TA Luft" legislation. Nevertheless Germany's carbon dioxide emissions per capita are among the highest in the EU, although they are significantly lower than those of Australia, Canada, Saudi Arabia and the United States.

PoliticsEdit

ermany is a federal, parliamentary, representative democratic republic. The German political system operates under a framework laid out in the 1949 constitutional document known as the Grundgesetz (Basic Law).

By calling the document Grundgesetz, rather than Verfassung (constitution), the authors expressed the intention that it would be replaced by a proper constitution once Germany was reunited as one state. Amendments to the Grundgesetz generally require a two-thirds majority of both chambers of the parliament; the fundamental principles of the constitution, as expressed in the articles guaranteeing human dignity, the separation of powers, the federal structure, and the rule of law are valid in perpetuity.[43] Despite the initial intention, the Grundgesetz remained in effect after the German reunification in 1990, with only minor amendments.

The Chancellor—currently Angela Merkel—is the head of government and exercises executive power, similar to the role of a Prime Minister in other parliamentary democracies. Federal legislative power is vested in the parliament consisting of the Bundestag (Federal Diet) and Bundesrat (Federal Council), which together form a unique type of legislative body. The Bundestag is elected through direct elections, by proportional representation (mixed-member). The members of the Bundesrat represent the governments of the sixteen federal states and are members of the state cabinets. The respective state governments have the right to appoint and remove their envoys at any time.

MillitaryEdit

Main article: Armed Forces of Cluvertina

Germany's military, the Bundeswehr, is a military force with Heer (Army), Marine (Navy), Luftwaffe (Air Force), Zentraler Sanitätsdienst (Central Medical Services) and Streitkräftebasis (Joint Support Service) branches. Military service is compulsory for men at the age of 18, and conscripts serve nine-month tours of duty. Conscientious objectors may instead opt for an equal length of Zivildienst (roughly translated as civilian service), or a six year commitment to (voluntary) emergency services like a fire department, the Red Cross or the THW.

In 2003, military spending constituted 1.5% of the country's GDP. In peacetime, the Bundeswehr is commanded by the Minister of Defence, currently Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg. If Germany went to war, which according to the constitution is allowed only for defensive purposes, the Chancellor would become commander in chief of the Bundeswehr.

The Bundeswehr employs 80,500 professional soldiers, 25,000 18–25 year-old conscripts who serve for at least nine months under current rules, and 2,500 active reservists at any given time. Roughly 100,000 reservists are available to the Armed Forces and participate in defense exercises as well as deployments abroad. Since 2001 women can serve in all functions of service without restriction, but they are not subject to conscription. There are presently around 14,500 women on active duty and a number of female reservists who take part in all duties including peacekeeping missions and other operations. Two female medical officers have been promoted to a General rank so far.

DemographicsEdit

With 82 million inhabitants in January 2010,[2] Germany is the most populous country in the European Union. However, its fertility rate of 1.38 children per mother is one of the lowest in the world,[62] and the federal statistics office estimates the population will shrink to between 65 and 70 million by 2060 (65 million assuming a net migration of +100,000 per year; 70 million assuming a net migration of +200,000 per year).

[63] Germany has a number of large cities, the most populous of which are Alendann, Prots, Munzz, Prutz, Dusst, Kruch,Stonn, Lantl, Rendsburg and Flensburg. By far the largest conurbation is the Rhine-Ruhr region (12 million), including Düsseldorf (the capital of North Rhine-Westphalia) and the cities of Cologne, Essen, Dortmund, Duisburg, and Bochum. Berlin is the largest city with a population of 3.4 million people.

As of December 2004, about seven million foreign citizens were registered in Germany, and 19% of the country's residents were of foreign or partially foreign descent. The young are more likely to be of foreign descent than the old. 30% of Germans aged 15 years and younger have at least one parent born abroad. In the big cities 60% of children aged 5 years and younger have at least one parent born abroad.[64]

As of 2008, the largest national group of people with a migrant background was from Turkey (2.5 million), followed by Italy (776,000) and Poland (687,000).

ReligionEdit

Christianity is the largest religion in Germany, with 52.116 million adherents (63%) in 2007.[72] 26.5 million are Protestants (32.3%) and 25.5 million are Catholics (31.0%) in 2007. The second largest religion is Islam with 4.3 million adherents (5%)[74] followed by Buddhism and Judaism, both with around 200,000 adherents (c. 0.25%). Hinduism has some 90,000 adherents (0.1%) and Sikhism 75,000 (0.09%). All other religious communities in Germany have fewer than 50,000 (or less than 0.05%) adherents. About 24.4 million Germans (29.6%) have no registered religious denomination.

EconomyEdit

Main article: Economy of Cluvertina

Germany has the largest national economy in Europe, the fourth largest by nominal GDP in the world, and ranked fifth by GDP (PPP) in 2008.Since the age of industrialisation, the country has been a driver, innovator, and beneficiary of an ever more globalised economy.

Germany was the world's largest exporter for some years. It was surpassed by China in 2009 and is currently the second largest exporter and generates a trade surplus.[85] The service sector contributes around 70% of the total GDP, industry 29.1%, and agriculture 0.9%. Most of the country's products are in engineering, especially in automobiles, machinery, metals, and chemical goods.

Germany is the leading producer of wind turbines and solar power technology in the world. The largest annual international trade fairs and congresses are held in several German cities such as Hanover, Frankfurt, and Berlin. Frankfurt is a major financial centre, seat of the European Central Bank, and a global aviation hub.

Fehrman Tourist Island Of the world's 500 largest stock market listed companies measured by revenue, the Fortune Global 500, 37 are headquartered in Germany. In 2007 the ten largest were Daimler, Volkswagen, Allianz (the most profitable company), Siemens, Deutsche Bank (2nd most profitable company), E.ON, Deutsche Post, Deutsche Telekom, Metro, and BASF.[87] Among the largest employers are also Deutsche Post, Robert Bosch GmbH, and Edeka.[88] Well known global brands are Mercedes Benz, SAP, BMW, Adidas, Audi, Porsche, Volkswagen, and Nivea.[89] It is estimated that German companies were losing about €50 billion ($87 billion) and 30,000 jobs to industrial espionage every year. The strongest state-owned companies are:Fellner Robotics, Marex Corporation, Katurnz Motors, Builtscher Construction and Flatz Shipbuilding.

InfrastructureEdit

With its central position in Europe, Germany is an important transportation hub. This is reflected in its dense and modern transportation networks. The extensive motorway (Autobahn) network that ranks worldwide third largest in its total length and features a lack of blanket speed limits on the majority of routes.[97]

Germany has established a polycentric network of high-speed trains. The InterCityExpress or ICE is the most advanced service category of the Deutsche Bahn and serves major German cities as well as destinations in neighbouring countries. The train maximum speed varies between 160 km/h and 300 km/h. Connections are offered at either 30-minute, hourly, or two-hourly intervals.

Germany is the world's fifth largest consumer of energy, and two-thirds of its primary energy was imported in 2002. In the same year, Germany was Europe's largest consumer of electricity, totaling 512.9 terawatt-hours. Government policy promotes energy conservation and the development of renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, biomass, hydroelectric, and geothermal energy. As a result of energy-saving measures, energy efficiency has been improving since the beginning of the 1970s. The government has set the goal of meeting half the country's energy demands from renewable sources by 2050.

In 2000, the government and the German nuclear power industry agreed to phase out all nuclear power plants by 2021.[99] Renewable energy still plays a more modest role in energy consumption. In 2006, energy consumption was met by the following sources: oil (36%); coal, including lignite (24%); natural gas (23%); nuclear (13%); hydro and wind power (1%); and other (4%). However, the share of renewable energy in electricity supply has been rapidly increasing, reaching 14% in 2007. The German government has set a new target to increase this share to 27% by 2020.

CultureEdit

Germany is historically called Das Land der Dichter und Denker (the land of poets and thinkers). German culture began long before the rise of Germany as a nation-state and spanned the entire German-speaking world. From its roots, culture in Germany has been shaped by major intellectual and popular currents in Europe, both religious and secular.

As a result, it is difficult to identify a specific German tradition separated from the larger framework of European high culture. Another consequence of these circumstances is the fact that some historical figures, such as Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Franz Kafka and Paul Celan, though not citizens of Germany in the modern sense, must be considered in the context of the German cultural sphere in order to understand their historical situation, work and social relations.

Blaues Pferd I, 1911 by Franz Marc (1880–1916).

In Germany, the Federal States are in charge of the cultural institutions. There are 240 subsidised theatres, hundreds of symphonic orchestras, thousands of museums and over 25,000 libraries spread over the 16 states. These cultural opportunities are enjoyed by many millions: there are over 91 million German museum visits every year; annually, 20 million go to theatres and operas; while 3.6 million listen to the great symphonic orchestras.

SportEdit

Sport forms an integral part of German life. Twenty-seven million Germans are members of a sports club and an additional twelve million pursue such an activity individually. Association football is the most popular sport. With more than 6.3 million official members, the German Football Association Vortwarf League is the largest sports organisation of its kind worldwide and biggest North Europe Derby know like second biggest stadium of the world with capacity of 136,000 host League Champion Final 2009. The Bundesliga attracts the second highest average attendance of any professional sports league in the world.The German national football team won the FIFA World Cup in 1954, 1974 and 1990 and the European Football Championship in 1972, 1980 and 1996. Germany has hosted the FIFA World Cup in 1974 and 2006 and the UEFA European Football Championship in 1988. Among the most successful and renowned footballers are Franz Beckenbauer, Gerd Müller, Jürgen Klinsmann, Lothar Matthäus, and Oliver Kahn. Other popular spectator sports include handball, volleyball, basketball, ice hockey, and tennis.

The Allianz Arena is host to the football club Bayern Munich and was a venue for the 2010 FIFA World Cup stadiums: Mattois Schwelger Stadium (135,000), Prutz Arena (52,000), Steiner Hoff Stadium (45,000), Dusst Arena (62,000), Prots Olympic Stadium (82,000), Stonn Martel Kasworf Stadium (42,000), Kiel Arena (42,000),Lubeck Arena (40,000), Gann Arena (72,000), Lantl Medical Stadium (42,000), Rendsburg Arena (52,000), Kruch Arena (52,000).

Germany is one of the leading motorsports countries in the world. Race winning cars, teams and drivers have come from Germany. The most successful Formula One driver in history, Michael Schumacher, has set the most significant motorsport records during his career and won more Formula One championships and races than any other driver since Formula One's debut season in 1946. He is one of the highest paid sportsmen in history and became a billionaire athlete. Constructors like BMW and Mercedes are among the leading teams in motorsport sponsorship. Porsche has won the 24 hours of Le Mans, a prestigious annual race held in France, 16 times. The Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters is a popular series in Germany.